1. Introduction
In this study, a partially anonymous survey was conducted, interviewing respondents on their bed and indonesia super king mattress in singapore, the requirements of their ideal mattresses, and various parameters on their last purchased one, including information on its price. The present paper provides a collection of japan king mattress in singapore. Further information includes types of mattresses purchased, top standard manufacturers, evaluation of japan queen mattress in singapore, depreciation of the mattresses, and the development of the mattress industry. It also allows other industries (including manufacturers and retailers) to understand the present market structures and assist in the execution of marketing strategies. This is especially important as Singapore has been oriented towards producing service-based clusters and aims to position itself as a global city, where economic activities are highly service-oriented.
Beds are essential for comfort and quality of sleep, and the selection of beds by customers is generally determined by body size, personal preference, and cultural influence. The size of the mattress in relation to anthropometrics is an important consideration in the design of beds. As sleep is an important part of our daily life, studies on bed technology have attracted more research interest. However, very limited studies have been found regarding bed and sleeping technology during different economic conditions. Singapore, which has a high standard of living, is a multi-racial and multicultural country with a very dynamic economy, and about seventy percent of its population is of Chinese origin. Presently, with more affluent families, residents are starting to spend readily on “good nights”. Hence, it is timely to research the types of beds and mattresses purchased by Singaporeans.
1.1. Background of the Study
Interestingly, even with the popularity of various standard mattress sizes available in the market, such as Single, Super Single, King, and Queen, very few studies have been conducted worldwide with respect to the notion of whether greater bed size could lead to greater comfort of sleep. Also, most of the sleep studies done in the areas of ergonomics, human factors, environmental psychology, and design have had the individuals as the primary focus of study. Other non-human factors that may have some influence on the quality of sleep, like the architectural designs of bedrooms and living rooms, have yet to be thoroughly investigated. As King, Single, Queen, and Super Single mattresses are used for various spacing needs, it is interesting to study the different preferences of people of different age brackets for the various mattress sizes.
According to Sleep Journal, various factors, including maintaining good health and managing mood, are directly linked to the amount and quality of sleep that individuals get. Studies have shown that the amount and quality of sleep are influenced by the environment and the level of comfort that the individual sleeps in. A common factor that plays a significant role in the quality of sleep is the choice of mattresses, with size being a limiting factor. The presumption is that people will take up as much space as is available since having more space is almost always seen as beneficial. This also applies to the situation in which the individual is asleep. Some people prefer to sleep restricted, while others feel that sleeping restricted leads to uncomfortable sleep or causes their movements to be limited. Others may want the freedom to change positions comfortably and may have the luxury of space without conflicting with the needs of others.
1.2. Research Objectives
In this study, we try to address the issue of size, in this case mattress sizes in Singapore, in the context of private quarters. More specifically, our research seeks to analyze the purchasing habits of mattresses from consumers in Singapore, housing approximately 4 million people in about 4.4 million private and public housing, and new housing estates being built to cater to a population projection of 5.8 in developed land area of 660 square kilometers. Due to the size of this market, we seek to find out if there are peaks in the distribution of mattress sizes, and if such peaks vary with socio-economic or demographic groups as a prelude to exploring factors behind those distributions, towards a better consideration of space usage as an additional dimension to the housing concerns for contemporary Singapore. The nature of the product we choose and the method of analysis enable us to simplify the issue of size compared to analyzing the size complexities of more standardized variable products such as property housing space, furniture or space needs, and physical body size or available products.
The purpose of this project is to draw perceptions and assess preferences for various mattress sizes. Our research specifically aims to provide Singapore furniture retailers and manufacturers, as well as prospective homeowners in Singapore, with a better gauge as to what Singapore residents’ perceptions are of space requirements and uses, thereby providing better services or catering to a changed demand that encompasses the increasingly affluent and well-traveled populace in Singapore. Notwithstanding such existing preferences, the pulling factor of large spaces offering private family quarters means that Singaporeans still desire to have large families, and perhaps with the ever-increasing standards of living, separate living areas.
2. Literature Review
Hypothesis 2.3.1: Based on the geographical region where people live, they have different preferences for the size of the mattress. Based on the differences obtained, participants’ lifestyle, living habits, and family structure will have different preferences for the size of the mattress. According to the study of Basso’s family mattress purchase category, with the participant’s work classification, income subject, and family’s nationality, the choices obtained for different mattress purchase categories are related. Data collected revealed that the mattress purchased by the various groups has indeed some differences in the categories. This suggests that the different mattress purchase categories of the family also play an important role in the social demographic characteristics and living habits of the individual. The size of the mattress purchased by a family is related to this characteristic. There are different categories of mattress purchases and different family sizes and preferences.
When most people purchase a mattress for themselves, they prefer one that allows them to spread correctly and move around freely without falling or touching others. To study and compare the sizes and preferences of new mattresses purchased by patients, information on the mattress model and size was extracted from the hospital’s MIS in a retrospective consecutive case series. One thousand one hundred and eighty-three hospitals in Singapore General Hospital were studied and opened in 2013 through the Hospital Information System’s management database. Data was analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 23.
2.1. Global Mattress Market Trends
In 2013, the global mattress market was approximately USD 24 billion, according to Frost & Sullivan, and this market would be worth about USD 39.5 billion in 2019. Although currently dominated by the United States, Europe’s local manufacturers still control Europe’s large local market share. The share is less than 10% of the direct-to-consumer segment. The United States is a large cross-border enterprise occupying a large market share, while Canada, Japan, and Australia are also large overseas markets. In recent years, mattresses in a box have become more popular in Singapore, South Korea, Switzerland, UK, Norway, Sweden, France, and Russia, but the direct-to-consumer brand originated from the United States.
In 2017, according to data from Technavio, the global mattress market is likely to grow by USD 4.5 billion, driven by a growing consumer preference for customized mattresses. There are numerous design and technological advancements to take advantage of and cater to consumers who have become more concerned about design and technology when purchasing their resting tools. Among the features found in high-end mattresses are adjustable air pressure, heat-absorption technologies, and clear sleep pattern indicators. Mattress manufacturers can look forward to new sleeping technologies that provide real-time data to give consumers better insights into their quality of sleep and health. Companies are constantly developing new technology to fix the mattress sagging problem, and there are innovative brands that deliver mattresses in a box to attract the younger generation. The global mattress market is easy to predict because brands are well developed, but at the local level, there are significant gaps.
2.2. Mattress Sizes and Standards
The Queen-size mattress in the United States is smaller than that of the UK size, and the King size mattress is also smaller than that of the UK size. In the super single size category, the United States and UK sizes are the same. Single-sized mattresses are also available, but they are less common in Singapore due to less demand. The dimensions of single-sized mattresses are generally the same as those of the super single size. The recently emerging sizes of mattresses that are growing in popularity are two mattresses with Euro-sized or Ikea-sized. The Euro-sized mattresses are larger than the UK and US counterparts, whereas the Ikea-sized mattresses are the same in size.
Mattress sizes in Singapore are more standardized compared with the United States, where a large variety of mattress sizes are available. Table 1 shows the most common mattress sizes available in Singapore with selected dimensions, which also illustrates the difference in dimensions for mattresses that share the same name but are used in different countries. The differences are generally small, such as those for the King and Queen mattresses. Therefore, in this research, only the Queen and the King mattress preferences are studied.
3. Methodology
A further study was based on collected data for Australians who also enjoy a high standard of living and work in a less crowded, low tariff and price-sensitive work environment. The Chinese are price-sensitive, out for a bargain; however, other nationalities not discernibly different were also part of this research, giving a broader international aspect to this study. A matrix configuration was undertaken to ascertain the pattern of mattress sizes in use and the interests of particular nationalities currently using these mattress sizes. This study on hotel mattress size trends in Singapore started at the beginning of May and ended mid-August for the majority of 3- and 4-star properties. The prelude to this major study was an examination of mattress configurations in all MICE hotels in the preeminent Marina Bay district, at the beginning of 2012. Preliminary data, partially before Commencement Day, was collected in the United Arab Emirates in April.
This comparative study was undertaken to ascertain the pattern of mattress sizes and watch both Singaporeans and other guest nationalities prefer. A basic standard room in a hotel caters for 2 people and twin configuration, until recently, has been the standardized offering. A study was done on Singaporeans who have low bed numbers within their household but who have higher individual spending power due to the higher GDP of the country. A similar study was undertaken in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), located in the hot Middle-East desert, where both spaces and electricity for air conditioning are in limited supply. A preliminary study was also undertaken in Macau, a gambling Mecca in the heart of China, to ascertain what part nationalities play in mattress preferences.
3.1. Data Collection
As people’s lifestyles change due to globalization, the importance of sleep increases due to the increasingly dynamic nature of people’s careers. In recent years, we have observed that people have paid increasing attention to getting better sleep. Choosing a suitable mattress for a sound sleep has become a popular topic, as people have come to realize that mattresses indeed have an effect on sleep quality and can significantly impact health. However, it is important to get good value for money when making a purchase. The family background always influences the selection of mattress size and, therefore, preference. In this study, we analyze the family background factors that affect mattress size preferences and purchase choices. Factors such as the number of family members, the combined size of all bedroom furniture, and family incomes are summarized. Families that have smaller houses due to the high cost of living in Singapore tend to prefer purchasing smaller mattresses. Seven of the findings are consistent with mainstream wisdom and literature. Finally, we conclude our research by presenting an analytical discussion.
A comparative study of mattress sizes and preferences was conducted in Singapore. Collaborating with a bedding retail chain in Singapore from March to May 2006, a total of 701 survey forms were received. The forms each comprised 20 to 30 questions concerning the family background, the residents of the family, mattress types, mattress sizes, mattresses purchased, and the reasons for purchasing a particular size. This was a comprehensive questionnaire aimed at finding out the factors that influence the preferred mattress size for each family. After analyzing the data, it was found that 407 of them purchased a mattress and were therefore considered for further analysis. The daily lives of each family in which a mattress was purchased were used to classify the families, and various statistics were subsequently compiled for all areas of interest.
3.2. Data Analysis
The subsequent findings and assessments are mainly based on the informative nature of the results, which stem from more detailed data analysis.
Responses for each of the individual questions are on a 5-point Likert scale, with 5 representing ‘strongly agree’ and 1 representing ‘strongly disagree’. We make use of the responses’ numerical values and work with the average value of the respondents’ scores.
First, we use data from all the 1,117 completed surveys. We then compare results from the individual demographic groups to find discrepancies among groups. We use results from the individual tests to guide us in combining groups for comparison analysis.
An ANOVA (an analysis of variance) is a statistical method for making simultaneous comparisons among several population means. We compare each of the groups to one another and look for linearity. It is similar to a t-test but for comparing more than two groups.
In the following sections, we use both uni- and multivariate analyses. First, we perform pairwise comparisons using non-parametric correlation tests and test the stability of the results. We then use crosstab, independent t-tests, ANOVA, and regression techniques to analyze our data. We define a t-test as a test of the difference between two samples. The difference can involve many of the characteristics of the samples, for example, the average of each sample.
Data analysis refers to the careful analysis of the collected data, followed by a search for relationships among the data. In our study, we have several datasets, such as demographic and socio-economic information, existing bed information, signals of needing a new bed, bed purchase information, and the respondents’ overall satisfaction with their beds. Altogether, we have more than 1,100 cases of data.
4. Findings
This study looks at the different sleeping arrangements and preferences of households with children below the age of 12 in Singapore. In total, a random sample of 200 parents of children attending preschools in Singapore completed a research questionnaire. The research found that in increasing order of bed size and therefore level of bed occupancy arrangements, the most popular bed sizes were Queen, King, and Super Single. A large proportion of Singapore households have preferences for a larger bed as compared to their existing bed size. In particular, close to fifty six per cent of the households would prefer a Queen or a King size bed. And the reasons given were due to reasons such as lack of space and the need to sleep with a bed-sharing child.
We found that while 58.9 per cent of the Singapore households had the largest bed size of Queen (1.9 m by 1.5 m), there were also a significant proportion of households with the bed size of Super Single (or Single + Single) (0.9 m by 2.3 m, which was 7.8 per cent) and King (2.0 m by 1.8 m, which was 19.3 per cent) and Standard Double (2.0 m by 1.3 m, which was 7.6 per cent). In terms of preference, only 45 per cent were satisfied with the current bed size while the remaining 55 per cent would have preferred a larger bed. The largest proportion of 28.4 per cent preferred the Queen bed size, followed by 17.1 per cent who wished to have a Super Single, 7.6 per cent who wanted the King and 1.9 per cent who would prefer the Standard Double.
4.1. Comparison of Mattress Sizes in Singapore
Singapore Hotels use five Guest-Room Mattress sizes. Their popularity or prevalence reveals: 64% – King: 72″ x 75″ 29% – Queen: 60″ x 75″ 19% – Single: 42″/44″ x 75″ 14% – Twin: 44″/48″ x 75″ 2% – California-King: 72″ x 80″
“What size King Bed? What size Queen Bed? What size Twin Bed? What size Single Bed? What other sizes do you use?”
Over 100 Singapore hotels were cross-telephoned, faxed, visited, and/or written to on 2 separate occasions with the following simple question:
Results
Perturbations to the comfort-growth concept have to be carefully evaluated. In Singapore, hotels give careful attention to the choice of every necessary ensuing luxurious sleep – one’s personal mattress and bedding. Having confirmed that Malaysian Hotels prefer the same range of mattress sizes as those in Thailand and New Zealand, we felt it to be an academic contribution to delve into the subject matter through local surveying and media studies of Singapore hotels.
SPFA Bulletin – The Magazine of the Singapore Pest Managers’ Association. June 1994
83 Singapore hotels (9,449 guestrooms) were surveyed to reveal the most popular mattress sizes in Singapore. 8 popular mattress varieties were empirically compared for the predominant size of 72″ x 75″. Relative comfort scores indicated a statistically higher firmness preference for the superior materials in every form compared.
Abstract
A Comparative Study of Mattress Sizes and Preferences in Singapore – Forest Research Symposium SPFA STRA
5. Conclusion and Recommendations
Household income level is the only external factor that influences Singaporeans in consideration for a purchase of a mattress. Based on the typical Asian values, comfort in sleeping is extremely important and stringent on mattress size adoption and recognition. The industry ought to provide a wide range of mattress products, especially in Queen, King, and Super King sizes for Singaporean consumers to choose from. At the same time, they should also educate and enhance awareness for small single and single adopters, particularly due to the limited space in rooms in Singapore.
The major contributions of the study are the comparisons of mattress sizes in markets; preferences in mattress sizes and some external factors that are attractive to all races in Singapore. The results of mattress size preferences show that less than half of the respondents (44.48%) expressed indifference in mattress preferences in where a definite size mattress had not been decided by their own. However, when a mattress size is finally in consideration, the Queen Size is the most popular among all the races, particularly for the marital status. In addition, older and higher educated consumers do give more of preference responses to mattress sizes, hence the study results are enabled the industry to have targeting and positioning strategies to cater for respective consumers.